Lesson 2: A Visit to the Dentist

第二课：去看牙医

1.Have you ever had a toothache?

你曾经牙疼过吗？

How do you take care of your teeth?

你是怎样爱护你的牙齿的？

1.1toothache可数名词，牙痛。

1.2take care of=look after/care for爱护，照顾，照料。

take good care of…=look after…well好好照顾/照看……

To take care of the old and care for the young is a good Chinese tradition.照顾老幼是中国的优良传统。

1.3tooth的复数形式为teeth。

2Dear Diary,亲爱的日记，

I'm really afraid of going to the dentist.

我真的很害怕去看牙医。

I don't know why, but I have had this fear since I was very young.我不知道为什么怕，但我很小的时候就对此恐惧。

When my mum wants me to go to the dentist, I always refuse.当我妈妈想要我去看牙医时，我总会拒绝。

2.1afraid短语

①be afraid of sb./sth.害怕某人/某物

②be afraid to do sth./of doing sth.不敢/害怕做某事

③be afraid （that）...恐怕……

④I'm afraid so/not.恐怕是这样。/恐怕不是这样。

2.2go to the dentist去看牙齿。

2.3since的用法：

2.3.1Since作为介词，后接某一确定的时间点，主句谓语动词要用延续性动词，常与现在完成时态、现在完成进行时态或过去完成时态连用。例如：

He left the village in 1982 and I haven’t seen him since then.1982年他离开这个村子，从那以后我再没见过他。

2.3.2Since作为副词，表示从过去以来、以后或到现在的情形或状态，常与现在完成时态连用。例如：

He left home two weeks ago and we haven’t heard from him since. 他两周前离开了家，到现在我们一直没有他的消息。

2.3.3since引导原因状语从句

①作为连词，since可引导原因状语从句，表示因为；既然；由于：例如：

He didn’t come since he was busy.他因为忙，所以没有来。

2.3.4Since引导时间状语从句

①若since引导的状语从句的谓语是终止性动词的过去时，则从句表示的时间是“从动作开始的那一时刻起”。例如：

He has studied very hard since he came to our school.自从他来到我们学校，他学习就非常努力。

②若since引导的状语从句的谓语动词是持续性动词或表示状态动词的过去时时，则从句表示的时间是“从动作或状态结束时算起”。例如：I haven’t heard any noise since I slept. 我醒后还未听到任何声音。

③若since引导的状语从句的谓语为持续性动词的现在完成时，则表示动作和状态延续到现在（说话时刻），其表示的时间的起点应从动作发生之时算起。例如：I haven’t heard from him since he has lived there。 自从他（开始）住在那儿起，我就一直没收到他的来信。

2.3.5Since在特殊句型中的应用

句型I：“It is （has been）+时间+since+持续性动词的过去时”，表示“自从……以来到现在已有多久。”

It has been quite some time since I was last in London.我上次离开伦敦至今颇有一段时间了。

句型II：“It was+时间+since+持续性动词的过去完成时”,表示“从……到过去某时间点以来”，例如：It was three years since we had been here.那时我们在这已呆了三年。

2.4refuse动词，拒绝；回绝。

refuse sb./sth.拒绝某人/某物。

refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事。

3.This morning, I woke up with a terrible toothache. I told my mum about it.这天早晨，我伴着一阵剧烈的牙疼醒了。我把这件事告诉了妈妈。

She thought that one of my teeth was probably rotten and that I needed to go to a dentist.她认为我的一颗牙齿可能坏掉了并且需要去看牙医。

3.1with a terrible toothache伴随着剧烈的牙痛。with介词，伴随，和……一起。

have a toothache牙痛。

3.2tell sb. about sth. 关于某事告诉某人

3.3rot动词，（使）烂掉，腐烂，腐败变质。

4 .I had no choice but to go with her.

我没有选择只能跟她一起去看牙医了。

4.1have no choice but to do sth.别无选择，只能做某事。

5When we got to the dentist's office, there were strange smells,strange sounds and people dressed in strange clothing.当我们来到牙医诊所时，那里有种奇怪的味道，奇怪的声音，和穿着奇怪衣服的人。

5.1the dentist's office牙医诊所。

5.2smell和sound可数名词。

5.3dress in strange clothing穿着夺怪的衣服

5.4dress用作动词的基本意思是“穿衣服；给(某人)穿衣服；穿……的服装；穿正式服装”可表示状态，也可表示动作。作名词有“连衣裙；衣服”的意思。

dress sb.给别人穿衣服(动作)

dress oneself 自己穿上衣服(动作)

get dressed 穿上衣服(动作)

6.Imagine how scared I was! My hands were shaking.想象一下我多么害怕啊！我的双手开始发抖。

My legs felt so heavy, and it was difficult to stand!我的双腿变得很沉，站着都困难了。

6.1scared [ske?(r)d]adj.害怕；恐惧；担心；畏惧。

6.2It be difficult to do sth.做某事是困难的。

7.Fortunately, the dentist, Dr. Hu, was very kind.幸运的是，牙医胡医生，人非常好。

She saw right away that I was scared and told me not to worry.

她立马看出来我很害怕，并告诉我别担心。

She helped me get up on the chair.

她帮我坐在椅子上。

7.1fortunately副词，幸运地。

7.2right away立刻，马上。

7.3tell sb. (not)to do sth.叮嘱某人(不要)做某事。类似的结构还有ask/advise/encourage/want/teach/allow/invite sb. to do sth.(让/建议/鼓励/想要/教/允许/邀请某人做某事)等。

7.4get up站起；起来；起身。

get up on the chair坐在椅子上。

8."You needn't be afraid. What kind of music do you like?" she asked.

“你不用害怕。你最喜欢什么音乐？”她问道。

She gave me a headset, and I listened to music while she worked.

她递给我耳机，她检查时我听着音乐。

9.Before I knew it, my aching tooth was fixed. My tooth did not hurt at all.

在我意识到之前，我的牙疼已经被修好了。我的牙齿一点也不疼了。

9.1aching tooth牙痛(正在痛)。

9.2not…at all根本不，一点儿也不。其中not常与be动词、助动词或情态动词连用，at all 常置于句末。

I'm not tired at all.我一点儿都不累。

10.Dr. Hu smiled at me and said, "See? I told you it would be OK.

"胡医生冲我笑着说道，“知道了吗？我告诉你一切都会好的吧。”

On the way home, Mum told me an old German saying:Fear makes the wolf bigger than he is.在我回家路上，妈妈告诉我一句古老的德国谚语：恐惧让狼看起来更可怕。

10.1smile at sb.冲着某人笑。

10.2on the way home在回家的路上。

10.3an old saying一个古老的谚语。