The provided text is a detailed explanation of accessing an FTP server, including the steps, parameters, and common client software. Here is a summary in English: ### FTP Server Access and File Transfer Protocol (FTP) **Overview:** FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a standard protocol used for transferring files over a computer network. It allows users to upload, download, and manage files on a remote server. Typically, FTP client software and server login credentials, including the server address, username, and password, are required. **Steps to Access an FTP Server:** 1. **Choose an FTP Client:** Select an FTP client software compatible with your operating system. 2. **Configure FTP Connection:** Set up the FTP connection parameters, including the server address, username, and password. 3. **Connect to the Server:** Use the FTP client to connect to the remote server. 4. **Perform File Operations:** Upload, download, or manage files on the server. 5. **Disconnect:** After completing file operations, disconnect from the server. **Common FTP Parameters:** - **Server Address:** The IP address or domain name of the remote server. - **Port Number:** The port number for the FTP service, default is 21. - **Username:** Your FTP account username. - **Password:** Your FTP account password. - **Passive Mode:** A connection mode often used to resolve firewall issues. - **Data Connection Mode:** Specifies the connection mode for data transfer, such as active or passive mode. **Common FTP Client Software:** - **FileZilla:** Supports Windows, macOS, Linux. - **WinSCP:** Supports Windows. - **Cyberduck:** Supports Windows, macOS. - **Transmit:** Supports macOS. - **vsftpd:** A server-side software for Linux. **Important Considerations:** - Ensure your FTP client software is up-to-date for optimal performance and security. - Use strong passwords to protect your FTP account from unauthorized access. - If your FTP connection is restricted by a firewall, try using passive mode to resolve connection issues. - Pay attention to file permissions and ownership to ensure you have sufficient rights to upload and download files. **FTP Protocol Summary:** - **Protocol:** FTP (File Transfer Protocol) - **Primary Use:** File transfer between client and server. - **Port Numbers:** 21 (control port), 20 (data port) - **Authentication:** Username/Password - **Connection Modes:** Active (PORT), Passive (PASV) - **Transfer Types:** Text (ASCII), Binary - **Common Commands:** Login (USER, PASS), List Directory (LIST), Download (RETR), Upload (STOR), Quit (QUIT) - **Security Issues:** Plain text transfer, low security; recommended to use FTPS (FTP Secure) or SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) - **Supported Platforms:** Windows, Linux, macOS - **Typical Use Cases:** Website development, file sharing, remote backup By understanding these concepts and steps, you can better manage FTP server access and choose the appropriate FTP client software for your needs.